Publications
Title: Portable NIR Raman microspectroscopy investigation on Early Bronze IV pottery (2500-1950 BCE) from Khirbat Iskandar, Jordan Authors: Daniele Chiriu, Pier Carlo Ricci, Maddalena Scattini, Andrea Polcaro, Marta D Andrea, Suzanne Richard, Abdulqader Abdullah Qader, Carlo Maria Carbonaro Journal: Science Direct, Vibrational Spectroscopy, Volume 97, July 2018, Pages 8-15
Webpage: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0924203118300353 Abstract:
Portable Near
Infrared Micro-Raman (NIR μ-Raman) spectroscopy was used, as a
preliminary and non-destructive technique, in order to investigate the
mineralogical composition of a group of pottery sherds from Khirbat
Iskandar, Jordan. Preliminary results show that the ceramic body is
composed mainly of quartz, calcite, and minor amounts of feldspars and hematite. In addition, the presence of Olivine
and anatase, important markers to identify the provenance of raw
materials, was detected. Furthermore, the occurrence of Portlandite was
related to both rehydration of calcite and burial alteration processes.
Finally, a study of Raman spectrum
of Amorphous Carbon, identified as temper in the clay, was performed to
estimate the manufacturing parameters (maximum temperature and
permanence time).
Title
|
Radon Concentration in the
Work Atmosphere of Cement Plants in the Sulaymaniyah Area, Iraq.
|
Author(s)
|
Adil M Hussain, Kamal O.
Abdullah, Kharman A.Faraj and Dara F. Hamamin
|
Journal
|
ARO-The Scientific Journal
of Koya University, 6(1), 2018,
|
Webpage
|
Vol. 6, No.1 (2018)
|
Abstract
|
DOI: 10.14500/aro.10329
|
Title
|
Effects of chronic exposure
of X-ray on hematological parameters in human blood
|
Author(s)
|
Kharman Faraj and Sirwan
Mohammed
|
Journal
|
Comparative Clinical
Pathology
|
Webpage
|
27(1)2018 pp 31-36
(Springer)
|
Abstract
|
DOI 10.1007/s00580-017-2547-7
|
Title ;)
|
Effects of occupational
exposure of X-Ray on hematological parameters of diagnostic technicians
|
Author(s)
|
Ali H. Taqi, Kharman Faraj,
Sarah A. Zaynal and Abd-Alkader A. Mahmood
|
Journal
|
Radiation Physics and
Chemistry
|
Webpage
|
147,2018., pp 45-52
(Elsevier)
|
Abstract
|
|
Title ;)
|
A Study of Fluctuations in Sun’s Radiation by Measuring Earth’s
Angular Velocity
|
Author(s)
|
Hossien H, Jabar M.A.F, Burhan M., Abdulqadr I.H., Zhiar M.J.
|
Journal
|
Climatology & Weather Forecasting
|
|
Volume 4, Issue 1
|
|
ISSN: 2332-2594 JCWF
|
Webpage
|
http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2332-2594.1000151
|
Abstract
|
During a normal day, the intensity of sunlight, as a vector, is
measured. By calculating variation of angle between sun’s ray and surface of
the earth, angular velocity of the Earth’s rotation at different time
intervals is determined. This angular velocity is not unchanging and traces
back to the variations in intensity of light emanating from the Sun.
|
-
Title
|
From Hyperion to Photon, a brief survey in the timeline of
photon
|
Author(s)
|
Hossien Hossieni, J. M. A. Fatah, Sarwar Mohammad, Mohammad Naby
|
Journal
|
Vietnam Journal of Science (VJS)
|
Date
|
Publicaton Date (Web): May 25, 2016
|
Webpage
|
DOI: dx.doi.org/10.20328/vjsonline.2016.rr2
|
Abstract
|
We present in this paper a chronological study on the main line
of the electromagnetic radiation throughout the history of mankind. This
history is divided into three distinct eras: pre-classical, classical, and
modern era. In pre-classical era, myths are studied starting with Hyperion
(god of lightning), extramission theory and Euclid principles. While in
classical era, the main focus is on classical theories of physics through
introducing the Maxwell equations and Huygens and Newton’s theories on light.
In addition, aspects of light via particle and wave theory are reviewed.
Special relativity, photoelectric effect and radiation in quantum mechanics
are the studied topics in the modern era. We present the advancement in
photonic science from last century till present time and show its influences
on fields such as laser, quantum field theory, holographs, LED and
entanglement.
|
-
Title
|
Dynamic coefficients calculations for high energetic
positrons implanted into a semi-crystalline polymer target film
|
Author(s)
|
Jamal Abda , Mazin Elias , Laith Al-Ani and Loay George
|
Journal
|
Diyala Journal for Pure Science
|
Vol. No. Year
|
Date of receipt 28\3\2015, Date of acceptance 6\12\2015
|
Abstract
|
In this work , Absorbed , backscattering and transmitted
probability coefficients has been calculated via Monte Carlo simulation
technique PsMCS ( positronium Monte – Carlo Computer Simulation ) for a high
energetic positrons implanted normally into a semi finite
Polytetrafluoroethylene target ( PTFE ) with its two components. Comparison
with available references yields good quantitative agreement for dynamics
factors.
|
-
Title
|
Monte Carlo Dynamic Transmission Calculations For High Energetic
Positrons Implanted Into A Semi-Crystalline Polymer Target Film
(Polytetrafluoroethylene)
|
Author(s)
|
J.M.R.Abda
|
Journal
|
IJSR - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH
|
Vol. No. Year
|
Volume: 5,Issue: 1, January 2016, ISSN No. 2277-8179
|
Abstract
|
In this work, backscattering and transmitted probability
coefficients with mean penetrating depth has been calculated via Monte Carlo
simulation technique PsMCS ( positronium Monte – Carlo Computer Simulation )
for positrons with different energies starting by high energies and finishing
with very slow energy ( from 0.15MeV to 70 eV) ,implanted normally and with
different angles , into a semi finite Polytetrafluoroethylene target ( PTFE )
. Comparison with available references yields good quantitative agreement for
dynamics factors.
|
-
Title
|
Neutronic and Thermal – Hydraulic Calculations for The
Conversion of BN-350
|
Author(s)
|
Jamal Mohammed Rashid Abda
|
Journal
|
1st International Conference of Natural Science (ICNS 2016)
College of Basic Education, Charmo University, 46023 Chamchamal, Sulaimani,
Kurdistan-Iraq
|
Abstract
|
This paper represents the neutronic and thermal-hydraulic
calculations for the conversion of BN-350 from 27% to 7% enriched Uranium
fuel elements. Mixed enrichment cores has been studied where low enrichment
uranium (LEU) cores fresh fuel elements substitute gradually the high
enrichment uranium (HEU) depleted fuel elements in the equilibrium core.
Thermal hydraulic calculations have been carried out to determine changes in
the characteristics of the converted reactor during steady state conditions
and transient response to a coolant flow loss (LOCA).
|
-
Title
|
Determination of 222Rn and 238U Concentrations in Some Selected
Samples of Rock for Sulaimani Area (Kurdistan Region-Iraq)
|
Author
|
Kamal O. Abdullah
|
Journal
|
JZS ( Journal of Zankoy Sulaimani)
|
|
Part A – Vol. 17 - No. 4 ( Dec. 2015)
|
Abstract
|
Different rock samples collected from the Mountains located to
the west and north of Sulaimani district. Solid state nuclear track detector
technique, CR-39 passive detectors included, is used for analyzing
concentrations Radon. The uranium concentrations determined from the secular
equilibrium between uranium and radon activity. The concentrations of Radon
and Uranium have been calculated. The maximum and the minimum concentrations
determined (19632.904 ± 74.605 and 153789.072 ± 584.398) Bq/m3
for Radon and (1.289±0.619 ppm, 10.094±4.854 ppm) for uranium, respectively.
The higher concentration values of both Byara (Mountain of Balkha) and
Penjween is due to sample rocks formation compared to the values appeared
from Ranya and Chaqchaq regions. The highest annual effective dose was
0.8µSv/hr, which is higher than the value 1mSv ~ 0.114 µSv/hr recommended by
the International Commission on Radiological Protection ICRP.
|
-
Title
|
Indoor Radon Concentration Measurement in Cement Factories in
Sulaimani City (Kurdistan region-Iraq)
|
Authors
|
Kamal O. Abdullah, Kharman A. Faraj and Adil M. Hussein
|
Journal
|
European Journal of Scientific Research
|
|
ISSN 1450-216X / 1450-202X
|
|
Vol. 135 No 1 October, 2015, pp.41-46
|
Abstract
|
Measurement of radon level in cement factories (Tasluja, Mass
and Bazyan) in Sulaimani governorate was done by using Solid State Nuclear
Track Detector technique. In this study, CR-39 plastic detectors inside a
dosimeter chamber have been put in some selected places in the three
factories like Crusher, Correction stores, Raw Mill (Grinding Mill),
Preheater (Tower), Clinker,….. .The average value of radon concentration in
the factoriesTasluja, Mass and Bazyan were (98.320±9.910,102.816±10.137,
116.714±10.796) Bq/m3, respectively, and the minimum value of radon
concentration was (47.982±4.438) Bq/m3 and the maximum value was
(222.138±20.547) Bq/m3, comparing the values with the standard world values
from Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) the maximum value is some higher
which was appeared in the correctionstore of Bazyanfactory due to adding in
this section some type of materials as Sand, Iron, Clay, Gypsum, Limestone,…
may causes to high value of uranium and radon in this section.
|
-
Title
|
Cavity-Photon Controlled Thermoelectric Transport through a
Quantum Wire
|
Author(s)
|
Nzar Rauf Abdullah, Chi-Shung Tang, Andrei Manolescu, and Vidar
Gudmundsson
|
Journal
|
ACS Photonics
|
Vol. No. Year
|
3, 249 (2016)
|
Webpage
|
http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acsphotonics.5b00532
|
Abstract
|
We investigate the influence of a quantized photon field on
thermoelectric transport of electrons through a quantum wire embedded in a
photon cavity. The quantum wire is connected to two electron reservoirs at
different temperatures leading to a generation of a thermoelectric current.
The transient thermoelectric current strongly depends on the photon energy
and the number of photons initially in the cavity. Two different regimes are
studied, off-resonant and resonant polarized fields, with photon energy
smaller than, or equal to the energy spacing between some of the lowest
states in the quantum wire. We observe that the current is inverted for the
off-resonant photon field due to participation of photon replica states in
the transport. A reduction in the current is recorded for the resonant photon
field, a direct consequence of the Rabi-splitting.
|
-
Title
|
Cavity-photon contribution to the effective interaction of
electrons in parallel quantum dots
|
Author(s)
|
Vidar Gudmundsson, Anna Sitek, Nzar Rauf Abdullah, Chi-Shung
Tang and Andrei Manolescu
|
Journal
|
Annalen der Physik
|
Vol. No. Year
|
528, 394 (2016)
|
Webpage
|
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/andp.201500298/abstract;jsessionid=F4D84FE4565E34E7F1172B28C584A057.f01t01
|
Abstract
|
A single cavity photon mode is expected to modify the Coulomb
interaction of an electron system in the cavity. Here we investigate this
phenomena in a parallel double quantum dot system. We explore properties of
the closed system and the system after it has been opened up for electron
transport. We show how results for both cases support the idea that the
effective electron-electron interaction becomes more repulsive in the
presence of a cavity photon field. This can be understood in terms of the
cavity photons dressing the polarization terms in the effective mutual
electron interaction leading to nontrivial delocalization or polarization of
the charge in the double parallel dot potential. In addition, we find that
the effective repulsion of the electrons can be reduced by quadrupolar
collective oscillations excited by an external classical dipole electric
field.
|
-
Title
|
Analytical derivations of single-particle matrix elements in
nuclear shell model
|
Author(s)
|
Aziz H. Fatah, R. A. Radhi, and Nzar Rauf Abdullah
|
Journal
|
Communication in Theoretical Physics
|
Vol. No. Year
|
Accepted for publication, In press (2016)
|
Webpage
|
|
Abstract
|
We propose a new analytical method to calculate single particle
matrix elements used in atomic and nuclear physics. We show seven different
formulas of matrix elements of the operator $f(r)d_r^{m}$ where
$f(r)=r^{\mu},r^{\mu}j_J(qr), V(r)$ corresponding to the Gaussian and the
Yukawa potentials used in nuclear shell models and nuclear structure. In
addition, we take into account a general integral formula of the matrix
element $\left\langle n'\, l'\left|f(r)\, d_{r}^{(m)} \right|n\,
l\right\rangle$ that covers all seven matrix elements obtained analytically.
|
-
Title
|
Optical and structural investigation of synthesized PVA/PbS
nanocomposites
|
Author(s)
|
Omed Gh. Abdullah, Dana A. Tahir, K. Kadir
|
Name of Journals
|
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics
|
Vol. No. Year
|
Vol. 26, Issue 9, pp. 6939-6944, (2015)
|
ISSN
|
0957-4522 (Print) 1573-482X (Online)
|
Publisher Springer
|
Springer
|
IF
|
1.569 (Thomson Routers)
|
DOI
|
DOI: 10.1007/s10854-015-3312-9
|
Webpage
|
http://www.springer.com/materials/optical+%26+electronic+materials/journal/10854
|
Abstract
|
Polymer nanocomposite based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and lead
sulfide (PbS) in the average radius of (1.88-2.23) nm, have been synthesized
using the chemical reduction rote and solution casting technique for
different concentrations of PbS. The characterization of the polymer
nanocomposite films were carried out using UV-Visible Spectroscopy, SEM, and
XRD. The effect of various concentration of PbS NP on the optical properties
of the composite has been studied to understand the optimum conditions for
the synthesis process. The nanocomposite film shows high UV and visible light
absorptions in the wavelength range of (200-500) nm, which correspond to the
characteristics of the PbS NPs. The significant decreasing trend of the
direct allowed band gap of the nanocomposite was observed upon increasing the
Pb source concentration, from (6.27 eV) for pure PVA to (2.34 eV) for 0.04M
PbS concentration, which is much higher than the energy gap of bulk PbS value
(0.41 eV). The calculated values of the static refractive index of Cauchy
dispersion model were in the range of (1.09-1.20). X-ray diffraction analysis
confirmed the cubic nanocrystalline PbS phase formation.
|
-
Title
|
In-situ synthesis of PVA/HgS nanocomposite films and tuning
optical properties
|
Author(s)
|
Omed Gh. Abdullah, Yahya A.K. Salman, Salwan A. Saleem
|
Name of Journals
|
Physics and Materials Chemistry
|
Vol. No. Year
|
Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 18-24, (2015)
|
ISSN
|
2372-7098 (Print) 2372-7101 (Online)
|
Publisher Springer
|
Science & Education
|
DOI
|
DOI:10.12691/pmc-3-2-1
|
Webpage
|
http://www.sciepub.com/journal/PMC
|
Abstract
|
Polymer based nanocomposite films of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)
doped with mercury sulfide (HgS) were prepared via in-situ chemical reduction
and the solution cast methods, with different HgS concentrations, in order to
study the effect of HgS content on optical properties of PVA. The
nanocomposites films were characterized using FTIR, XRD, and SEM. The
UV-Visible absorption spectra in the wavelength range (190–1100) nm were
analyzed in terms of absorption formula for non-crystalline materials. The
band gap and the fundamental optical constants of the prepared samples have
been investigated and showed a clear dependence on the HgS concentration. The
observed value of band gap for pure polyvinyl alcohol is about 6.27 eV and
decreases to a value 4.88 eV for the film of 0.04M HgS content. The
refractive index and consequently the related dispersion parameters of PVA
and PVA/HgS nanocomposite versus HgS content have been determined and
explained using Wemple-DiDomenico single oscillator model.
|
-
Title
|
Electrical conductivity and dielectric characteristics of
in-situ prepared PVA/HgS nanocomposite films
|
Author(s)
|
Omed Gh. Abdullah, Yahya A.K. Salman, Salwan A. Saleem
|
Name of Journals
|
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics
|
Vol. No. Year
|
Vol. 27, Issue 4, pp. 3591-3598, (2016).
|
ISSN
|
0957-4522 (Print) 1573-482X (Online)
|
Publisher Springer
|
Springer
|
IF
|
1.569 (Thomson Routers)
|
DOI
|
DOI: 10.1007/s10854-015-4196-4
|
Webpage
|
http://www.springer.com/materials/optical+%26+electronic+materials/journal/10854
|
Abstract
|
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and mercury sulfide (HgS) polymer
nanocomposite were prepared using the solution casting and the in-situ
chemical reduction of mercury nitrate (Hg(NO3)2) and sodium sulfide (Na2S) in
aqueous solutions of PVA as capping for different molar content of Hg(NO3)2
and Na2S. The nanocomposites films were characterized by Fourier Transform
Infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy
(SEM). The XRD results for the nanoparticles revealed the hexagonal structure
of the HgS, (α-phase). The influence of embedded HgS nanoparticles on the
conductivity and dielectric properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) films are
investigated, over the frequency range 1 KHz to 1 MHz, and the temperature
range (30 − 110) oC. The variation of ac-conductivity with a frequency of the
films follows Jonscher's universal power law and found to be increased with
increasing temperature, frequency and nanoparticle content. The variation of
frequency exponent (s) indicated that the conduction mechanism was correlated
barrier hopping (CBH) model. The dielectric constant (ε'), and dielectric
loss (ε'') was found to decrease with increasing frequency, but increase with
increasing temperature and HgS nanoparticles content. The dc-conductivity
(σ_dc) increase with increase of HgS concentration, and follows Arrhenius
behavior in the investigated temperature region.
|
-
Title
|
Synthesis, Structural and Optical Characterization of MgO
Nanocrystalline Embedded in PVA Matrix
|
Author(s)
|
Shahbaa F. Bdewi, Omed Gh. Abdullah, Bakhtyar K. Aziz, Ayad A.R.
Mutar
|
Name of Journals
|
Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials
|
Vol. No. Year
|
Vol. 26, Issue 2, pp. 326-334, (2016).
|
ISSN
|
1574-1443 (print) 1574-1451 (Online)
|
Publisher Springer
|
Springer
|
IF
|
1.160 (Thomson Routers)
|
DOI
|
DOI: 10.1007/s10904-015-0321-3
|
Webpage
|
http://www.springer.com/chemistry/inorganic+chemistry/journal/10904
|
Abstract
|
Nano-magnesium oxide (MgO) was prepared by wet chemical method
using magnesium chloride and sodium hydroxide as precursors and soluble
gelatin as stabilizing agent in this paper. The synthesized nano MgO was
characterized by XRD, SEM, and FTIR. The results showed that the size of
nano-MgO was about 20.62 nm. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer based
nanocomposites, with different concentrations of MgO (1, 2, 3, 4 wt%), have
been prepared using solvent casting technique. The results of SEM revealed
that the MgO nanoparticles are uniformly distributed in PVA polymer matrix.
FTIR analysis evidently saw the interaction between MgO with hydroxyl group
of PVA through hydrogen bonding. The influences of MgO nanoparticle on the
optical characterisation of PVA have been considered using UV-Vis-NIR
spectroscopy. Energy band gap and tail of localized state of PVA/MgO
nanocomposites have been calculated by using Tauc and Urbach relations,
respectively. The band gap of the nanocomposites samples decreases as MgO Wt%
increases. Wemple-DiDomenico single-oscillator model has been applied to
analyze the dispersion of the refractive index of the films, and the
dispersion parameters are calculated to obtain the information about disorder
degree.
|
-
Title
|
Optical Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) / Silver Sulfide
Polymer Composites
|
Author(s)
|
Dana A. Tahir, Soran M. Mamand, Sarkawt A. Hussein, Omed Gh.
Abdullah, Shuja B. Aziz
|
Name of Journals
|
Journal of Zankoy Sulaimani, part A (JZS-A)
|
Vol. No. Year
|
Vol. 18, No. 3, pp., (2016).
|
ISSN
|
1812-4100
|
Publisher Springer
|
University of Sulaimani
|
IF
|
0.425 (Global Impact Factor)
|
DOI
|
doi.org/10.17656/jzs.10001
|
Webpage
|
http://univsul.edu.iq/JournalsAbout.aspx?Jimare=1&main=13
|
Abstract
|
In this work silver sulfide (Ag2S) has been synthesized inside
the PVA polymer by in situ chemical reduction method. The UV-Visible
spectrophotometer was used to study the optical properties of the prepared
composite samples. The absorption spectra reveal the influence of Ag2S
particles on optical behavior of PVA. There is an increase in refractive
index of the samples contains Ag2S filler, and exhibits a dispersion
behavior. The extinction coefficients of the composite samples are higher
than that of pure PVA. The linear relationship between the refractive index
at high wavelength region and Ag2S concentration was observed, indicating
homogeneous dispersion of the filler in the PVA matrix. The absorption
coefficient shifts to lower photon energy at higher Ag2S concentration, in
which the optical band gap will reduce.
|
-
Title
|
Tuning the absorption of ultraviolet spectra and optical
parameters of aluminum doped PVA based solid polymer composites
|
Author(s)
|
Shujahadeen B. Aziz, Hameed M. Ahmed, Ahang M. Hussein, Awder B.
Fathulla, Rawaz M. Wsw, Rekawt T. Hussein
|
Journal
|
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics
|
Vol. No. Year
|
October 2015, Volume 26, Issue 10, pp 8022-8028
|
Abstract
|
In this research work PVA:xAl (0.01 ≤ x ≤ 0.05) based solid
polymer composites have been prepared by solution cast technique. The
transmittances of the samples are decreased with increasing Al powder
concentration. The absorption spectra of the samples are shifted to higher
wavelengths which indicate their importance for shielding. The increase of
absorption intensity in UV region was observed. The clear shift of absorption
edge upon the addition of Al powder content indicated the decrease of energy
band gap. The increase of extinction coefficient at high wavelengths for the
samples containing Al powder revealed the loss of photon energy. The
refractive indexes of the doped samples are increased compared to that of
pure PVA. The linear relationship between the refractive index and volume
fraction indicates a good dispersion of Al powder in PVA host polymer. The
direct optical band gap measured from the plot of (αhυ)2 versus photon energy
(hυ) showed a decreasing trend with increase of Al content. The Urbach energy
was found to increase with increasing aluminum concentration. The complex
optical dielectric functions were used to determine the type of electron
transition.
|
-
Title
|
Modifying Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) (PVA) from Insulator to
Small-Bandgap Polymer: A Novel Approach for Organic Solar Cells and
Optoelectronic Devices
|
Author(s)
|
Shujahadeen B. Aziz
|
Journal
|
Journal of Electronic Materials
|
Vol. No. Year
|
January 2016, Volume 45, Issue 1, pp 736-745
|
Abstract
|
An innovative method has been used to reduce the bandgap of
poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) polymer by addition of a nontoxic, inexpensive, and
environmentally friendly material. The resulting materials are small-bandgap
polymers, hence opening new frontiers in green chemistry. The doped PVA films
showed a wide range of light absorption of the solar spectrum from 200 nm to
above 800 nm. Nonsharp absorption behavior versus wavelength was observed for
the samples. The refractive index exhibited a wide range of dispersion. Shift
of the absorption edge from 6.2 eV to 1.5 eV was observed. The energy bandgap
of PVA was diminished to 1.85 eV upon addition of black tea extract solution,
lying in the range of small-bandgap polymers. Increase of the optical
dielectric constant was observed with increasing tea solution addition. The
results indicate that small-bandgap PVA with good film-forming ability could
be useful in terms of cost–performance tradeoff, solving problems of short
lifetime, cost, and flexibility associated with conjugated polymers. The
decrease of the Urbach energy upon addition of black tea extract solution
indicates modification of PVA from a disordered to ordered material. X-ray
diffraction results confirm an increase of the crystalline fraction in the
doped samples.
|
-
Title
|
Study of electrical percolation phenomenon from the dielectric
and electric modulus analysis
|
Author(s)
|
Shujahadeen B. Aziz
|
Journal
|
Bulletin of Materials Science
|
Vol. No. Year
|
October 2015, Volume 38, Issue 6, pp 1597-1602
|
Abstract
|
Chitosan : AgI solid polymer composite films have been prepared
by the well-known solution cast technique. Electrical impedance spectroscopy
was used to investigate the electrical percolation threshold phenomenon in
this work. A wide dispersion can be seen in dielectric constant spectra at
low frequencies. The dielectric constant at selected frequencies as a
function of AgI concentration indicates the occurrence of electrical percolation
threshold via the appearance of two distinguishable regions. The behaviour of
dielectric constant and DC conductivity vs. AgI concentration are almost the
same at low and high filler concentrations. The steep increase of dielectric
constant and DC conductivity from 5 to 10 wt% of AgI was observed and a
plateau was achieved from 10 to 20 wt% of AgI. The pattern of real part of
electric modulus (M′) at selected frequencies is similar to dielectric
constant. The existence of distinct peaks in M′′ spectra with no
corresponding peaks in ε′′ spectra indicated that ionic and polymer segmental
motions are strongly coupled. Argand plots of M′′ vs. M′ was used to detect
the relaxation type process. The Argand plots at different temperatures
exhibit incomplete semicircular arc with a diameter below the real axis.
|
-
Title
|
In Situ Synthesis of CuS Nanoparticle with a Distinguishable SPR
Peak in NIR Region
|
Author(s)
|
Shujahadeen B. Aziz*,1, Rebar T. Abdulwahid2 , Hazhar A. Rsaul3,
Hameed M. Ahmed4
|
Journal
|
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics
|
Vol. No. Year
|
May 2016, Volume 27, Issue 5, pp 4163-4171
|
Abstract
|
In this article we report the synthesis of CuS nanoparticle with
distinguishable surface plasmonic resonance (SPR) peaks in near infrared
region. For this purpose in situ synthesis (one-step fabrication) has been
used to prepare CuS nanoparticles in PMMA polymer matrix at room temperature.
The X-ray diffraction spectrum confirms the formation of CuS nanoparticles.
The transmittance spectra of nano-composite samples reveal that the samples
have a good transparency. The absorption spectra show a broad absorption peak
in the wavelength region from 570 to 980 nm which is a characteristic SPR
peak for CuS nanoparticle. An increase of refractive index was observed for
the samples containing CuS nanoparticles. The linear relationship between the
refractive index and volume fraction was observed. The appearance of SPR peak
in refractive index spectra was attributed to CuS nanoparticles. Shifting of
absorption edge to lower photon energy has been observed for nano-composite
samples. The direct energy bandgap of nano-composite samples are reduced
compare to pure PMMA polymer. The plot between the direct energy band gap and
refractive index reveals that the decrease in bandgap energy is associated
with the increase in index of refraction. The increase of optical dielectric
constant can be ascribed to the formation of CuS nanoparticles. The low band
gap of CuS nanoparticles in the present work reveals their importance for applications
in optoelectronic devices.
|
-
Title
|
Role of Dielectric Constant on Ion Transport: Reformulated
Arrhenius Equation
|
Author(s)
|
Shujahadeen B. Aziz
|
Journal
|
Advances in Materials Science and Engineering
|
Vol. No. Year
|
Volume 2016 (2016), Article ID 2527013, 11 pages
|
Webpage
|
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2527013
|
Abstract
|
In this research work solid and nanocomposte polymer
electrolytes based on chitosan has been prepared by solution cast technique.
The XRD results reveal the occurrence of complexation between chitosan (CS)
and the LiTf salt. The deconvolution of the diffractogram of nanocomposite
solid polymer electrolytes demonstrates the increase of amorphous domain with
increasing alumina content up to 4 wt.%. Further incorporation of alumina
nanoparticles (6 to 10 wt.% Al2O3) results in crystallinity increase (large
crystallite size). The morphological (SEM and EDX) analysis well supported the
XRD results. Similar trends of DC conductivity and dielectric constant with
Al2O3 concentration was explained. The TEM images were used to explain the
phenomena of space charge and blocking effects. The reformulated Arrhenius
equation ( ) was proposed from the smooth exponential behavior of DC
conductivity versus dielectric constant at different temperatures. The more
linear behavior of DC conductivity versus 1000/(ɛ'×T) reveals the crucial
role of dielectric constant in Arrhenius equation. The drawbacks of Arrhenius
equation can be understood from the less linear behavior of DC conductivity
versus 1000/T. The relaxation processes has been interpreted in terms of
Argand plots.
|
-
Title
|
Electrical impedance and conduction mechanism analysis of
biopolymer electrolytes based on methyl cellulose doped with ammonium iodide
|
Author(s)
|
N. S. Salleh, Shujahadeen B. Aziz, Z. Aspanut , M. F. Z. Kadir
|
Journal
|
Ionics
|
Vol. No. Year
|
DOI:10.1007/s11581-016-1731-0 (This all he wrote)
|
Abstract
|
In the present study, the potential of methyl cellulose (MC) as
biopolymer electrolyte (BPE) will be studied extensively by means of
conductivity and the conduction mechanism. BPE films based on MC doped with
ammonium iodide (NH4I) salt were prepared by solution-casting method. X-ray
diffraction (XRD) explains that the conductivity enhancement of the
electrolytes is affected by the degree of crystallinity. Field emission
scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis shows the difference in the
electrolyte’s surface with respect to NH4I. On addition of 40 wt.% of NH4I,
the highest room temperature conductivity of (5.08 ± 0.04) × 10−4 S cm−1 was
achieved. The temperature dependence relationship for the salted electrolyte
was found to obey the Arrhenius rule where R2 ∼1 from which the activation energy (E a) was
evaluated. The dielectric study analyzed using complex permittivity ε* for
the sample with the highest conductivity at elevated temperature shows a non-
Debye behavior. These salted electrolytes follow the correlated barrier
hopping (CBH) model.
|
-
Title
|
A sensing mechanism for the detection of carbon nanotubes
using selective photoluminescent probes based on ionic complexes with organic
dyes
|
Author(s)
|
Allsop, T., Arif, R., Neal, R., Kalli, K., Kundrát, V., Rozhin,
A., Culverhouse , P. & Webb, D. J.
|
Journal
|
Light: Science & Applications
|
Vol. No. Year
|
vol. 5, no.2, February 2016
|
Webpage
|
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/lsa.2016.36
|
Abstract
|
The multifunctional properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs)
make them a powerful platform for unprecedented innovations in a variety of
practical applications. As a result of the surging growth of nanotechnology,
nanotubes present a potential problem as an environmental pollutant, and as
such, an efficient method for their rapid detection must be established.
Here, we propose a novel type of ionic sensor complex for detecting CNTs – an
organic dye that responds sensitively and selectively to CNTs with a
photoluminescent signal. The complexes are formed through Coulomb attractions
between dye molecules with uncompensated charges and CNTs covered with an
ionic surfactant in water. We demonstrate that the photoluminescent
excitation of the dye can be transferred to the nanotubes, resulting in
selective and strong amplification (up to a factor of 6) of the light
emission from the excitonic levels of CNTs in the near-infrared spectral
range, as experimentally observed via excitation-emission photoluminescence
(PL) mapping. The chirality of the nanotubes and the type of ionic surfactant
used to disperse the nanotubes both strongly affect the amplification; thus,
the complexation provides sensing selectivity towards specific CNTs.
Additionally, neither similar uncharged dyes nor CNTs covered with neutral
surfactant form such complexes. As model organic molecules, we use a family
of polymethine dyes with an easily tailorable molecular structure and,
consequently, tunable absorbance and PL characteristics. This provides us
with a versatile tool for the controllable photonic and electronic
engineering of an efficient probe for CNT
detection.
|
-
Title
|
Photonic gas sensors exploiting directly the optical properties
of hybrid carbon nanotube localized surface plasmon structures
|
Author(s)
|
Allsop, T., Arif, R., Neal, R., Kalli, K., Kundrát, V., Rozhin,
A., Culverhouse , P. & Webb, D. J.
|
Journal
|
Light: Science & Applications
|
Vol. No. Year
|
vol. 5, no.2, February 2016
|
Webpage
|
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/lsa.2016.36
|
Abstract
|
We investigate the modification of the optical properties of
carbon nanotubes (CNTs) resulting from a chemical reaction triggered by the
presence of a specific compound (gaseous carbon dioxide (CO2)) and show this
mechanism has important consequences for chemical sensing. CNTs have
attracted significant research interest because they can be functionalized
for a particular chemical, yielding a specific physical response which
suggests many potential applications in the fields of nanotechnology and
sensing. So far, however, utilizing their optical properties for this purpose
has proven to be challenging. We demonstrate the use of localized surface
plasmons generated on a nanostructured thin film, resembling a large array of
nano-wires, to detect changes in the optical properties of the CNTs. Chemical
selectivity is demonstrated using CO2 in gaseous form at room temperature.
The demonstrated methodology results additionally in a new, electrically
passive, optical sensing configuration that opens up the possibilities of
using CNTs as sensors in hazardous/explosive environments.
|
-
Title
|
High Power Q-Switched Thulium Doped Fibre Laser using Carbon
Nanotube Polymer Composite Saturable Absorber
|
Author(s)
|
Chernysheva, M., Mou, C., Arif, R., Al Araimi, M., Rummeli, M.,
Turitsyn, S. & Rozhin
|
Journal
|
Nature/ Scientific Reports
|
Vol. No. Year
|
vol. 6, April 2016
|
Webpage
|
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep24220
|
Abstract
|
We have proposed and demonstrated a Q-switched Thulium doped
fibre laser (TDFL) with a ‘Yin-Yang’ all-fibre cavity scheme based on a
combination of nonlinear optical loop mirror (NOLM) and nonlinear amplified
loop mirror (NALM). Unidirectional lasing operation has been achieved without
any intracavity isolator. By using a carbon nanotube polymer composite based
saturable absorber (SA), we demonstrated the laser output power of ~197 mW
and pulse energy of 1.7 μJ. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest
output power from a nanotube polymer composite SA based Q-switched Thulium
doped fibre laser.
|
-
Title;)
|
Carbon nanotubes for ultrafast fibre lasers
|
Author(s)
|
Chernysheva, M., Rozhin, A., Fedotov, Y., Mou, C., Arif, R.,
Kobtsev, S. M., Dianov, E. M. & Turitsyn, S.
|
Journal
|
Nanophotonics
|
Vol. No. Year
|
June 2016
|
Webpage
|
http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/nanoph.ahead-of-print/nanoph-2015-0156/nanoph-2015-0156.xml
|
Abstract
|
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) possess both remarkable optical
properties and high potential for integration in various photonic devices. We
overview, here, recent progress in CNT applications in fibre optics putting
particular emphasis on fibre lasers. We discuss fabrication and
characterisation of different CNTs, development of CNT-based saturable
absorbers (CNT-SA), their integration and operation in fibre laser cavities
putting emphasis on state-of-the-art fibre lasers, mode locked using CNT-SA.
We discuss new design concepts of high-performance ultrafast operation fibre
lasers covering ytterbium (Yb), bismuth (Bi), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm) and
holmium (Ho)-doped fibre lasers.
|
Title;)
|
High chaotic spiking rate in a closed loop semiconductor laser
with optical feedback
|
Author(s)
|
Banaz O. Rasheed, Parekhan M. Aljaff , Kais A. Al Naimee , Mahdi
H. Al Hasani, Riccardo Meucci
|
Journal
|
Elsevier.com/results-in-physics
|
Vol. No. Year
|
6 (2016) 401–406
|
Webpage
|
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2016.07.006
|
Abstract
|
We investigate experimentally and numerically the existence of
fast chaotic spiking in the dynamics of a
semiconductor laser with ac-coupled optical feedback. The observed dynamics
is chaotic in the explored
range of both bias current optical feedback strength. The effects of a
modulation applied to the bias current
are also investigated. We eventually indicate that the observed chaotic
dynamics is a good candidate
to hide information to satisfy secure communications.
|
Assessment
of Rn and U Concentrations in the Soil of Qadafery, Kalar and Zarayan Located
in Sulaimani Governorate of Kurdistan Region- Iraq” in the journal American
Journal of Environmental Protection (AJEP), Vol. 1, Issue 4, Page 40-44, 2015.
(Kamal O. Abdullah, Salar Z. Muhammedand Adil M. Husain) ;)
Measurement
of 222Rn Concentrations in the Air of Qaysery Naqeeb Bazaar Located in
Sulaimani Governorate of Kurdistan Region-Iraq”, Journal of Zankoy
Sulaimani-part A (JZS), Vol.17, Issue 2, 2015.( Kamal O. Abdullah, Ali H. Ahmed
and Salahaddin A. Ahmed) ;)
Entanglement,
the greatest mystery in physics by Amir D. Aczel, translated by Hossien
Hossieni and Dr.Omed G. 2015 ;)
Physics
and beyond by Werner Heisenberg translated by Hossien Hossieni 2015 ;)
From
Sky to String by Hossien Hossieni in Kurdish 2015 ;)
Rauf
KM, Hossieni H, Arkan Z, Sarkawt D (2015) Distribution of Moons in the Solar
System. J Astrophys Aerospace Technol 3: 120 ;)
Rauf
KM, Hossieni H, Ahmad SS, Ali H, Kawa H(2015) Study of the Improvement of Noise
Pollution in University of Sulaimani in both New and Old Campus. J Pollut Eff
Cont 3: 143 ;)
Rauf
KM, Hossieni H , Majeed D and Ibrahim R, Comparing the Atmospheric Compositions
of All Planets and Giant Moons in Solar System, Astrobiol Outreach Volume 3 •
Issue 3 • 1000136 Aug 2015 ;)
KM
Rauf, H Hossieni, SS Ahmad, S Jamal, A Hussien, Comparison of the Noise
Pollution in Sulaimani City between the Years 2009 and 2014 “”, J Pollut Eff
Cont, 2015 ;)
Omed
Gh. Abdullah, Dlear R. Saber, Sherzad A. Taha, "The Optical
Characterization of Polyvinyl Alcohol: Cobalt Nitrate Solid Polymer Electrolyte
Films", Advanced Materials Letters, Vol. 6, Issue 2, pp. 153-157, (2015). ;)
Omed
Gh. Abdullah, Dlear R. Saber, Luqman O. Hamasalih, "Complexion Formation
in PVA/PEO/CuCl2 Solid Polymer Electrolyte", Universal Journal of
Materials Science, Vol. 3, No.1, pp. 1-5, (2015).
Omed
Gh. Abdullah, "Synthesis and optical band gap investigation of PVA/CdS
nanocomposite films", Journal of Zankoy Sulaimani, Vol. 17A, No.1, pp.
185-192, (2015). ;)
Omed
Gh. Abdullah, Shujahadeen B. Aziz, Khalid M. Omer, Yousif M. Salih,
"Reducing the optical band gap of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) based
nanocomposite", Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics,
Vol. 26, Issue 7, pp. 5303-5309, (2015). ;)
Omed
Gh. Abdullah, Dana A. Tahir, Dlear R. Saber, "Optical properties of the
synthesized Cr2S3 nanoparticles embedded in polyvinyl alcohol", ARO, The
Scientific Journal of Koya University, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 45-49, (2015) ;)
Omed
Gh. Abdullah, Dana A. Tahir, K. Kadir, "Optical and structural
investigation of synthesized PVA/PbS nanocomposites", Journal of Materials
Science: Materials in Electronics, Vol. 26, Issue 9, pp. 6939-6944, (2015) ;)
Standard
structure for laboratory reports and scientific research, by Awara Rasul
Muhammad, 2015 (in Kurdish) ;)
Transistors and some of
its applications, by Awara Rasul Muhammad, 2015 (in Kurdish) ;)
Some relevant
information regarding how to study and answer in examinations, by Awara Rasul
Muhammad, 2016 (in Kurdish, PDF)
;)
|